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Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2011. 172 p. ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-617460

ABSTRACT

A doença de Parkinson (DP) é a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais frequente depois da Doença de Alzheimer, afetando aproximadamente 1% da população com idade superior a 65 anos. Clinicamente, esta doença caracteriza-se pela presença de tremor em repouso, bradicinesia, rigidez muscular e instabilidade postural, os quais podem ser controlados com a administração de levodopa. As características patológicas da DP incluem a despigmentação da substãncia nigra devido à perda dos neurônios dopaminérgicos e a presença de inclusões proteicas denominadas corpos de Lewy nos neurônios sobreviventes. As vias moleculares envolvidas com esta patologia ainda são obscuras, porém a DP é uma doença complexa, resultante da interação entre fatores ambientais e causas genéticas. Mutações no gene leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2; OMIM 609007) constituem a forma mais comum de DP. Este gene codifica uma proteína, membro da família de proteínas ROCO, que possui, entre outros domínios, dois domínios funcionais GTPase (ROC) e quinase (MAPKKK). Neste estudo, os principais domínios do gene LRRK2 foram analisados em 204 pacientes brasileiros com DP por meio de sequenciamento dos produtos da PCR. Através da análise de 14 exons correspondentes aos domínios ROC, COR e MAPKKK foram identificadas 31 variantes. As alterações novas, p.C1770R E p.C2139S, possuem um potencial papel na etiologia da DP. Três alterações exônicas (p.R1398R, p.T1410M e p.Y2189C) e nove intrônicas (c.4317+16C>T, c.5317+59A>C, c.5509+20A>C, c.5509+52T>C, c.5509+122A>G, c.5657-46C>T, c.6382-36G>A, c.6382-37C>T e c.6576+44T>C) são potencialmente não patogênicas. Ao todo, dezessete variantes exônicas e intrônicas constituem polimorfismos já relatados na literatura (p.R1398H, p.K1423K, p.R1514Q, p.P1542S, c.4828-31T>C, p.G1624G, p.K1637K, p.M1646T, p.S1647T, c.5015+32A>G, c.5170+23T>A, c.5317+32C>T, p.G1819G, c.5948+48C>T, p.N2081D, p.E2108E e c.6381+30A>G). A frequência total de alterações potencialmente patogênicas...


Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, affecting nearly 1% of people above 65 years of age. The major clinical symptoms of this disease are: resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability and a positive response to dopamine replacement therapy. Pathological findings include selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra, with proteinaceous Lewy body inclusions in surviving cells. The pathogenesis of PD is not yet completely understood, however, both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the disease phenotype. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2; OMIM 609007) represent the most frequent genetic known cause of familial and sporadic PD. The LRRK2 gene encodes a protein, member of the ROCO protein family, that contains both GTPase (ROC) domain and kinase (MAPKKK) domain, as well as, other motifs. In this study, we have screened the main domains of the LRRK2 in a group of 204 PD Brazilian patients. The screening was performed by direct sequencing of the PCR products. By the analysis of 14 exons corresponding to ROC, COR and MAPKKK domains, we identified 31 sequence variations. The novel variants, p.C1770R and p.C2139S, may play a role in the PD pathogenesis. Three exonic altetations (p.R1398R, p.T1410M and p.Y2189C) and nine intronic variants (c.4317+16C>T, c.5317+59A>C, c.5509+20A>C, c.5509+52T>C, c.5509+122A>G, c.5657-46C>T, c.6382-36G>A, c.6382-37C>T and c.6576+44T>C) seem to be not pathogenic. A total of 17 exonic and intronic alterations were previously described in the literature as non-pathogenic polymorphisms (p.R1398H, p.K1423K, p.R1514Q, p.P1542S, c.4828-31T>C, p.G1624G, p.K1637K, p.M1646T, p.S1647T, c.5015+32A>G, c.5170+23T>A, c.5317+32C>T, p.G1819G, c.5948+48C>T, p.N2081D, p.E2108E and c.6381+30A>G). The frequency of pathogenic mutations or potentially pathogenic variants was 3.4% (including the p.G2019S mutation...


Subject(s)
Humans , Parkinson Disease/genetics , Parkinson Disease/pathology , Mutation/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Brazil , Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics , Exons/genetics
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